Method and apparatus for the simultaneous recording or reproduction of motion and sound



May 27, 1930. A. QUINTlLlANl ET AL 1,760,718

1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE SIMULTANEQUS RECORDING 0R REPRODUCTION OF MOTION AND SOUND Filed Jan. 28, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l g: Q Q 7 5 ed H GR I A m T T //VVE/V 70R 3 A. Qw'mV/fan/ 0/70 1.. P/n each 27, 1930. A. QUINTILIANI AL v 1,760,718 PARATUS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS RECORDIN METHOD AND AP e 0R REPRODUCTION OF MOTION AND SOUND 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 28, 1927 //V V1? /V 7 0R8 A. Quin f1 l/an/ and L. PM esc/v/ Ma a Patented May 27,1930

UNITED STATES PATENT o FIc-E ARTURO QUINTILIANI LAMBERTO PINESG HI, OF BONE, ITALY OF MOTION AND soon]: I

Application filed January 2 8, 1927, Serial No. 164,3 51,.and in Italy April 15, 1926.

The present invention has for its object improvements relatin to the simultaneous recording and repro uction of speech (or more particularly sound) and motion by means of a single film upon which are recorded in successive images:

Firstly, photographically, and in the usual manner, the motlons to be reproduced;

Secondly, photographically {also, but; con- '10 tinuously, the speech (or more particularly sound), which accompanies the action;

For this purpose, the film prepared according to the present invention, comprises, in each of the pictures, a space for recording the scene,the latter being taken and projected in the usual m'annerand also a space for recording the voice.

For recording the sound, a small flame is employed, the luminous intensity of which is influenced by the amplitude and frequency of the vibrations of a membrane or diaphragm, for example, that of a telephone receiver, the variations in luminous intensity of the flame being recorded upon the film.

During the taking of the picture, the displacement of the film is effected in the ordinary manner and the usual shutter is used with a slight modification to be more particularly described hereafter. 1.

During the projection the pictures are thrown upon the screen in the usual manner, and at the same time the strip or strips of the film which carry the record of the sound, supply, by means of a selenium or light-sensitive cell, upon which the light passing through them is thrown, the varying current which causes a telephone receiver to be operated.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention:

Fig. 1 shows the manometric casing with a small flame influenced by a telephone receiver. Fig. 2 shows the plan of a device for amplification applicable to the telephone receiver. p v i Fig. is' a view in elevation of theshutter disc.

Fig. 4 shows, in elevation, the shutter device with eccentric controllin the reciprocatory movements of the mova le diaphragm.

Fig. 5 shows the position in relation to the film of the two diaphragms, one fixed and the other movable, of the recording device, at the moment when the film is about to unroll for recording an image.

Fig. 6 shows the position of. these diaphragms when this unrolling is finished and at the moment when the film is about to be exposed to the li ht from the condenser.

Figs-"7 shows t e positions of the two diaphragms at the end of the period of exposure of the film. 4 1

Fig. 8 shows the dia rammatic arrangement of the apparatus orsimultaneous recording motion and sound. i

As will be seen from the drawing (Fig. I) the manometric casing which varies the intensity of the flame for photographically recording sound. is constitutedby a chamber 1, in to which the gas is introduced by the pipe 2; this chamber serves as a telephone receiver and is closed by the two plates 3 and 4, separatedby a very small interval.

The inner plate does not vibrate; it is provided with a small orifice 5 which allows of the passage of the gas between. the two plates it is traversed by the polar horns of an electromagnet 6, the ends of the poles coming ver near to the plate 4.

he plate 4 is the vibrating membrane of the caslng; it carries at its centre a tube 7 which is Joined to the jet 8 by means of a tubular, flexible connection 9, made, for example, of rubber- The 'et being integral with the cover 10 of the chamber 1 is thus rendered completely independent of the vibrating plate; with this device the anno ing vibrations arising from the inertiaof the piece or pieces supported b the plate 4 are avoided; Y The latter can alter its shape freely under the combined action of the pressure of the gas contained in the casing and of the varying attraction of the electroma et 6. As shown in ig. 2, theelectroma'gnet 6,

" instead of being connected directly to the telephone receiver, can be energized by a device such as that which is shown diagram- 1 guided onto the diaphragms by which the projection of the light upon the parts of the film reserved for recording the sound, is

made.

This photographic record must necessarily be inadeupon the sensitive face of the film upon which thephotographic images of the successive pictures for the reproduction of motion are also recorded.

The film used being generally of. the usual commercial width, it is indis ensable that the shutter disc which allows 0 or intercepts the passage of the rays of light coming from without to the film, shall also allow, and this in'a continuous manner, the passage of the rays of light coming from the manometric casing.

For this purpose, the shutter disc 14, is shaped as shown in Fig. 3, that is to say that, in addition to the cut-away ortion which corresponds, according to t e angular speed i of the disc, to the'length of exposure of the film for the impression of the images and .the photographic recording of the sounds during the same time, it is provided with a circular slot 16, havin the same centre as the axis of rotation of t e disc, of a suitable length of arc and the mean radius of which is of a length equal to the distance which separates the axis of the shutter from the rpendicular traced to the middle of the phragm which ensures the recording of the 4ssoun s d uring the displacement of the film. The dia hr through which the rays of light coming mm the vibrating flame are thrown upon the film, are two in number:

The fixed one 17 Figs. 3' and 4) serves for the pro'ection of t ese rays durin displacement 0 the film, the other, mova 1e, 18, allows of the passage of-the rays of light durin the time of exposure of the film to' the li t from the condenser for recording views.

he movable diaphragm 18 is carried by a shutter 19 Fig. 4) which can be displaced vertically un er the action of a circular member 20, inte with the axis D of the shutter disc 14 an mounted eccentrically upon the latter. This member 20. rotates in an aperture 21 rovided in the shutter 19, the width of whi aperture is ual to the diameter of the eccentric whic corres nds to the length of the displacement o the film in order to pass from one image to another.

The shutter 19 is of such a suitable shape 1 that it never obscures the fixed diaphragm 17 durin its own movement. The shutter disc 14 is coated upon the spindle D in such a position that the commencement of obscuration of the condenser O coincides with the raised position of the movable slot 18, that is to say with the raised position of the reciprocating shutter 19.

The shutter being ,in motion, it will be readily understood that, as long as the film is exposed in front of the condenser O, that is during the passage before the condenser of contrary'to the diaphragm 17, receives the light of the lamp continuously, will allow the rays of light co from the latter to pass, in such a manner t at the can register the film, and during this time it will traverse the straight path necessary to pass from the positipn shown in Fig. 6 to that shown in Fi 1' soon asthe shutter '14 on account of its rotary movement has cut oil the rays of light coming throu h the condenser'from outside, it Will'Cllt ofi at the same time the rays of the. lamp emitted through the movable diaphragm, the slot16 will unmask the fixed diaphragm and the rays of light emitted through the latter 'will register im ressionsupon a second longitudinal strip 0 the film during the period of unrolling of the latter, this period corresponding to the time taken up by the passa of the s otof arc B. 7

As can seenin Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the film 22 is an ordinary film of the usual commercial width, universally employed; it comprises, in the example shown, the two ordinary lateral stri s-23jprovided with holes for moving the m, two continuous strips 24-24 arranged on one side for recording the sound, and the ordinary spaces 25 for receiving the successive images. Since the dimensions of these spaces are diminished on one side in consequence of the presence of the strips 24-24, transverse strips 26 are left between them, which strips, in themethod of carrying out the invention here shown, will not receive any impression, so

that the image retains its usual shape;

The strip 24 is reserved forvthe impression of the rays of light passing through the'movable diaphragm 18 and the strip 24 is intended to receive the rays passing through the fixed diaphragm 17..

It will be readily understood that the strips 24 24' can be arranged respectively on both sides of the film or both placed on one side or the other, internally or externally to the device for moving the film; the longitudinal strip 24 can otherwisebe replaced by a transverse strip arranged between two photographs of successive images, the shutter controlling the reciprocatory movement of the the cut-away are a, the diaphragm 18, which,

impressions upon the longitu 'nal strip of diaphragm 18 movingin this case transversely and not longitudinall 7 At the moment when the part A of the film (Fig. 5) has just received an impression, the period of exposure in front of the condenser eing ended, the film continues to 'unroll in order to bring the part B in front of the condenser; at this moment the diaphragms 17 and 18 occupy the positions shown in the figure, the slot of the fixed diaphragm 17 resting horizontally at the height of the axis 0 of the condenser, the slot of the movable dia-' phragm 18 being located at the height of the transverse strip 26, which, as has already been said, will according to the method of carrying out the invention receive no impression.

Fig. 6 shows the positions of the two diaof the film, the part B has taken the place of the part A. At this moment, the movable diaphragm 18, controlled by the eccentric, has followed the movement of the film and has taken up the position shown in the figure.

During the exposure of the part B in frontof the condenser, the diaphragm 18, actuated, as has been said, by a reciprocatory movement, is raised again to take up its initial position, the time taken by the diaphragm to traverse this path corresponding exactly to the length of the exposure of the film.

It is easily understood that under these conditions there will be no gap in the recording of the sounds, the record being effected by the movable diaphragm during the length of exposure of the film to the condenser, and by the fixed diaphragm during the displacement of the film for passing from one image to another. During projection the vibrations transmitted by the selenium or light-sensitive cell to the telephone transmitter, will have ample volume.

The device, illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 8,v shows in what manner the members serving for recording pictures and sounds simultaneously are combined. The condenser 27 for taking the pictures, having the axis .0, forms the image upon the part 25 of the film 22 reserved for this purpose;

the light 28 coming from .the manometric casing and suitably deflected by means of a mirror or a prism 29,. reaches the strips 24l-21 of the film and is distributed over a length corresponding to eaclrimage by the shutter 19 actuated, as already stated, by a reciprocatory motion.

The arrangement of the apparatus for taking pictures shown in Fig. 8 serves also substantially for projection. It sufiices, in fact, to imagine that instead of the condenser 27 an apparatus for projection is applied and that, within the chamber 30 enclosing the device, a lamp is arranged in the space 31, behind the film. A light-sensitive cell is then placed in the position of the jet 8 of the manometric casing.

said

The devices which form the object of the invention could, of course, undergo modifications both in their shape and arrangement, the members, 'of which .the functions have just been described, and which are shown in the accompanying drawings, havin been chosen merely by wayof example or the metric casing maybe of any suitable dimensions and the amplifying device of any kind without abandoning the characteristics of the invention.

It will be readily understood that the device for photographically recording sound can be applied, not ,only in combination with the recording of images, but also alone or in combination with the photographic or other recording of any phenomenon in scientific or industrial spheres.

We claim 1. In synchronized motion picture and. sound apparatus,*comprising in combination, a picture aperture, means for feeding a film in step by step progression past said picture aperture, in the usual manner for receiving a series of ocular-images said film having a. sound receiving strip adjacent the ocularimage receiving portion, a shutter obscuring icture aperture during the moving perio s of the film, between successive ocular-images, a source of light, the luminous intensity of which is varied in accordance with suitable sound responsive means, apertured diaphragms, one fixed and the other movable rectilinearly in the opposite direction to that of the progress of the film, said diaphragms and shutter being cooperably ar ranged as to obscure the aperture in the movable diaphragm and to uncover the aperture in the fixed dia hragm duringthe moving periods of the film, and toobscure the aperture in the fixed diaphragm and uncover the aperture in the movable diaphragm during the stationary periods of the film, whereby Vary according to the apparatuses, the manophragms, when, on account of the unrolling a continuous sound record is made irrespecsound receiving strip adjacent the ocular-,7 1

image receiving portion, a'shutter obscuring said. picture aperture during the moving periods of the film, between successive oeular-images, a source'of light, the luminous intensity of which is varied in accordance with suitable sound responsive means, aper? tured diaphragms, one fixed andvthe other movable rectilinearly in the op osite direction to that of the progress 0 the film, a. second shutter carrying said movable diaphragm comprising a plate, an eccentric actuating said plate to move the same reciprocably and operativelv connected to the film feeding means said shutter overlying the fixed diaphragm but so shaped as not to obsome said fixed diaphragm, said diaphragms and first shutter cooperating to obscure the aperture in the movable diaphragm and un cover the aperture in the fixed diaphragm -during the moving periods ofthe fil'm and to obscure the aperture in the fixed diaphragm and uncover the aperture in the movable diaphragm during the stationaryperiods i of the film, whereby a continuous sound record is made irrespective of the intermittent character of the recording of the ocularimages uponthe-film.

- ARTURO QUINTILIANI.

LAMBERTO PINESCHL. 

